Layers of the Forest

Lesson Overview

In this outdoor lesson, students observe the ecology of the forest; first, by learning about the layers of the forest (forest floor, herbaceous layer, shrub layer, understory, and canopy), then by participating in a “sit spot” and drawing activity. This activity is best done in a park with a forest or forest-like habitat, which may require planning in advance to identify the ideal location. Many city, county, and state parks, as well as areas like schoolyards, cemeteries, or perimeters of golf courses may have adequate forested areas to study.

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  • Activity Sheet
  • Clipboard
  • Pencil

Optional: Coloring supplies, surface to sit on outdoors (pad, jacket), digital sharing platform (ex. Google Classroom, SeeSaw)

K-ESS3-1 Earth and Human Activity. Use a model to represent the relationship between the needs of different plants and animals (including humans) and the places they live.

2-LS4-1 Biological Evolution: Unity and Diversity. Make observations of plants and animals to compare the diversity of life in different habitats.

5-LS2-1 Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics. Develop a model to describe the movement of matter among plants, animals, decomposers, and the environment.

MS-LS2-1 Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics. Analyze and interpret data to provide evidence for the effects of resource availability on organisms and populations of organisms in an ecosystem.

HS-LS2-6 Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics. Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the complex interactions in ecosystems maintain relatively consistent numbers and types of organisms in stable conditions, but changing conditions may result in a new ecosystem.

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